Semax
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Apenas para Uso em Pesquisa
Estes produtos sao destinados exclusivamente a pesquisa laboratorial e nao se destinam ao uso medico. Nao sao aprovados pela FDA para diagnosticar, tratar, curar ou prevenir qualquer doenca. Ao adquirir, voce certifica que os produtos serao utilizados exclusivamente para pesquisa e nao para consumo humano ou animal.
Resumo da Pesquisa
23 Citacoes PubMedVisao Geral Semax (ACTH 4-7-PGP) e um(a) sintetico(a) heptapeptide with a sequencia Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro. It was designed by modifying the ACTH(4-7) fragment with a C-terminal Pro-Gly-Pro (PGP) tripeptide para aprimorar enzymatic stability.[2] This modification renders o composto aproximadamente 20 times mais resistant to peptidase degradacao comparado(a) a the native ACTH(4-10) fragment, extending its experimental duration from minutes to 20–24 hours.[3] O composto is completely devoid do(a) hormonal corticotropic activity associado(a) com full-length ACTH, meaning it nao stimulate adrenal cortisol production.[4] Regulatory records no(a) Russian Federation cite Semax's registration como um(a) pharmaceutical no(a) "Vital and Essential Drugs" list for investigations related to stroke, cognitive disorders, and optic nerve conditions.[5] It is not registered pelo(a) U.S. FDA and has been flagged for immunogenicity concerns in manipulacao contexts.[6] Semax foi originalmente desenvolvido(a) pelo(a) Institute of Molecular Genetics do(a) Russian Academy of Sciences (IMG RAS).[7] Upon enzymatic degradacao, the PGP tripeptide fragment possesses its own...
Semax — Dados de Pesquisa em Resumo
| Propriedade | Valor |
|---|---|
| Citacoes PubMed Referenciadas | 23 |
| Pesquisadores Colaboradores | 3 |
| Condicoes de Armazenamento | Armazene o pó liofilizado a -20°C. |
| Padrao de Pureza | ≥99% (HPLC verified, 3rd-party COA) |
| Apenas para Uso em Pesquisa | Nao destinado ao consumo humano. Apenas para uso em pesquisa. |
Compare Semax com Outros Peptideos
Visao Geral
Visao Geral
Semax (ACTH 4-7-PGP) e um(a) sintetico(a) heptapeptide with a sequencia Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro. It was designed by modifying the ACTH(4-7) fragment with a C-terminal Pro-Gly-Pro (PGP) tripeptide para aprimorar enzymatic stability.[2] This modification renders o composto aproximadamente 20 times mais resistant to peptidase degradacao comparado(a) a the native ACTH(4-10) fragment, extending its experimental duration from minutes to 20–24 hours.[3]
O composto is completely devoid do(a) hormonal corticotropic activity associado(a) com full-length ACTH, meaning it nao stimulate adrenal cortisol production.[4] Regulatory records no(a) Russian Federation cite Semax's registration como um(a) pharmaceutical no(a) "Vital and Essential Drugs" list for investigations related to stroke, cognitive disorders, and optic nerve conditions.[5] It is not registered pelo(a) U.S. FDA and has been flagged for immunogenicity concerns in manipulacao contexts.[6]
Semax foi originalmente desenvolvido(a) pelo(a) Institute of Molecular Genetics do(a) Russian Academy of Sciences (IMG RAS).[7] Upon enzymatic degradacao, the PGP tripeptide fragment possesses its own independent experimental activity, incluindo neuroprotetor(a) and anti-ulcer effects, contribuindo para the overall profile of o composto.[8]
Mecanismo de Acao
Mecanismo de Acao
Receptor Targets and Binding
Specific binding sites for Semax have been identificado(a) in basal forebrain membranes. Binding is reversible, specific, and time-dependent, with a dissociation constant (Kd) of 2.4 ± 1.0 nM and maximal binding capacity (Bmax) of 33.5 ± 7.9 fmol/mg protein.[9] This binding strictly requer calcium ions (Ca²⁺) e e bloqueou by manganese ions (Mn²⁺), characteristic of G-protein-coupled receptor interactions.[10]
In receptor assays, Semax acts como um(a) competitive antagonist of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) no(a) MC4 and MC5 melanocortin receptors. No antagonism was observado(a) at MC3.[11] Adicionalmente, Semax inibe enzymes responsavel por enkephalin degradacao (IC50 = 10 μM).[12]
BDNF/TrkB Signaling Cascade
Semax estimula tyrosine fosforilacao of TrkB receptors (the high-affinity receptor for BDNF), producing a 1.5–1.6-fold increase in TrkB fosforilacao no(a) hippocampus within 3 hours of administration.[9] In glial cell cultures, BDNF mRNA aumentou 8-fold and NGF mRNA 5-fold within 30 minutes.[13] In vivo, Semax aumentou hipocampal BDNF protein by 1.4-fold and exon III BDNF mRNA by 3-fold.[14]
Neurotransmitter Modulation
Semax ativa the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems. It aumenta extracellular levels of 5-HIAA (a serotonin metabolite) no(a) striatum by aproximadamente 25%.[1] While it nao alter basal dopamine levels alone, it significantly potentiates dopamine release induzido(a) por D-amphetamine.[1] Semax also regula intracellular calcium homeostasis, preventing Ca²⁺ deregulacao under glutamate excitotoxicity conditions.[10]
Gene Expression and Transcription
Genome-wide transcricaoal analysis apos isquemia-reperfusao demonstrated que Semax modula 394 differentially expressed genes. It upregula neurotransmission-related genes incluindo Gpr6, Drd2, Hes5, and Gpr88, enquanto downregulating pro-inflamatorio(a) genes como Il1b, Il6, and Ccl6.[15][16]
Pharmacokinetic Paradox
Apesar de a relatively short plasma eliminacao meia-vida of aproximadamente 1–2 hours, the experimental effects of a single intranasal dose persist for 20–24 hours.[5] Intranasal biodisponibilidade is relatado(a) at 60–70%, with rapido(a) CNS penetration atraves do(a) blood-brain barrier.[17]
Aplicacoes de Pesquisa
Aplicacoes de Pesquisa
In laboratory research, Semax is utilized in multiplos(as) experimental paradigms:
- Ischemic Stroke and TIA Models — Registered no(a) Russian Federation for investigations related to agudo(a) ischemic stroke. Experimental readouts involve supressao of inflammatory genes and ativacao of neurotransmitter gene networks no(a) penumbra zone.[15][16]
- Cognitive Enhancement / Nootropic Paradigms — Studied for effects on memory consolidation and selective attention. In protocolo experimentals, a single intranasal dose produziu measurable cognitive effects lasting 20–24 hours.[18]
- Optic Nerve Investigations — Experimental readouts involving optic nerve atrophy and glaucomatous neuropatia models demonstrate melhorou visual acuity, expanded visual field, and aumentou optic nerve electric sensitivity.[19]
- Neuroprotection and Oxidative Stress — In neuronal cultures, Semax demonstrated anti-apoptotico(a) effects, protecting against glutamate neurotoxicity and estresse oxidativo. It contribui para mitochondrial stability and upregula neurotrophin expression (BDNF, NGF).[9][14]
- Stress and Anxiety Models — In rodent models of cronico(a) stress, Semax exibiu anxiolytic effects linked to modulacao of dopaminergic and serotonergic systems and normalization of hipocampal BDNF levels. Corticosterone levels diminuiu 28–34%.[20]
- Alzheimer's Disease Models — In APP/PS1 camundongos transgenicos, intranasal Semax reduziu amyloid plaque count in cortex by 2.8-fold and hippocampus by 2.6-fold (p<0.0001), with restaurou cognitive function.[21]
- Spinal Cord Injury Models — Improved functional recovery scores via μ-opioid receptor (Oprm1) / USP18 / FTO pathway, inhibiting lysosomal membrane permeabilization and pyroptosis.[22]
- Gastric Ulcer Investigations — In a comparative study, ulcer healing was observado(a) in 89.5% of subjects receiving Semax vs. 30.8% no(a) grupo controle at day 14.[23]
- Immune System Modulation — Transcriptional analyses indicate Semax influences immunoglobulin and chemokine expressao genica, with potential antiviral activity observado(a) in experimental influenza models.[16]
Caracteristicas Bioquimicas
| Propriedade | Valor |
|---|---|
| Molecular Formula | C₃₇H₅₁N₉O₁₀S |
| Molecular Weight | 813.93 Da |
| CAS Number | 80714-61-0 |
| Sequence (3-Letter) | Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro |
| Sequence (1-Letter) | MEHFPGP |
| Amino Acids | 7 (heptapeptide) |
| Parent Molecule | ACTH(4-7) + Pro-Gly-Pro stabilizer |
| Stability | 20× mais estavel do que native ACTH(4-10) |
| Hormonal Activity | None — devoid of corticotropic activity |
| Structural Type | Linear heptapeptide, all L-aminoacidos |
Identificadores
| PubChem CID | |
|---|---|
| InChI Key | |
| Canonical SMILES | |
| IUPAC Name |
Resumo da Pesquisa Pre-clinica
Resumo da Pesquisa Pre-clinica
Estudos em Animais
| Modelo | Species | Principais Achados | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alzheimer's (APP/PS1) | Transgenic mice | Plaque reduction 2.8× cortex, 2.6× hippocampus; cognitive restoration (p<0.0001) | [21] |
| Ischemic Stroke (tMCAO) | Wistar rats | 394 DEGs modulou; vascularization ↑1.25×, neuroglial proliferacao ↑1.4× | [15] |
| Chronic Stress | Wistar rats | Corticosterone ↓28–34%; anxiety reduziu at 50–150 μg/kg | [20] |
| Spinal Cord Injury | C57BL/6 mice | Improved Basso scores; μ-opioid / USP18 / FTO pathway | [22] |
| Aprimoramento Cognitivo | Wistar rats | 1.4× hipocampal BDNF protein; 3× exon III BDNF mRNA; acelerou learning | [14] |
| Dopaminergic System | C57BL/6 mice | +25% striatal 5-HIAA; potentiated amphetamine-induziu DA release | [1] |
| Ophthalmic | Wistar rats | Retinal microcirculation ↑ to 671.7 PU; melhorou ERG parameters | [24] |
| Maternal Deprivation | White rats | Normalized anxiety from early-life stress; compensated peso corporal loss | [25] |
Clinical Studies / Human Data
| Estudo | Desenho | n= | Desfecho Principal | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kaplan 1996 | Volunteers | — | Improved memory and attention lasting 20–24 hours | [18] |
| Russian Patent 1995 | Multi-condition | 303 | Enhanced selective attention, motivation, adaptive capability | [4] |
| Gusev 2005 | Clinical | 187 | Reduced stroke/TIA risk; stabilized progressao da doenca | [5] |
| Gusev 1997/2018 | Clinical | — | Accelerated functional recovery, diminuiu inflamacao (IL-10, CRP) | [7] |
| Polunin 2000 | Comparative | — | Improved visual acuity, expanded visual field | [19] |
| Kurysheva 2001 | Comparative | — | Superior to traditional neuroprotetor(a) protocols for glaucomatous neuropatia | [19] |
| Ivanikov 2002 | Comparative | — | 89.5% healing (Semax) vs 30.8% (control) at day 14 | [23] |
| Serdiuk 2007 | Clinical | 27 | Improved qualidade de vida, mood, and cognition | [5] |
Parametros Farmacocineticos
| Parametro | Valor | Ref |
|---|---|---|
| Intranasal Bioavailability | 60–70% | [17] |
| Plasma Half-life | ~1–2 hours | [17] |
| Duration of Experimental Effects | 20–24 hours | [5] |
| BBB Penetration | Rapid CNS distribuicao | [17] |
| Receptor Binding (Kd) | 2.4 ± 1.0 nM (basal forebrain) | [9] |
| MC4/MC5 Activity | Competitive antagonist (α-MSH) | [11] |
| Enkephalinase Inhibition | IC₅₀ = 10 μM | [12] |
Comparison with Related Compounds
| Caracteristica | Semax | Selank |
|---|---|---|
| Parent Molecule | ACTH(4-7) | Tuftsin |
| Sequence | MEHFPGP (7 aa) | TKPRPGP (7 aa) |
| Primary Focus | Nootropic / neuroprotecao | Anxiolytic / immunomodulacao |
| BDNF Induction | Strong (8× mRNA) | Moderate |
| Hormonal Activity | None | None |
| PGP Stabilizer | Yes | Yes |
| Russian Registration | Yes — stroke, cognition, optic nerve | Yes — anxiety disorders |
Os produtos oferecidos neste site são fornecidos apenas para estudos in vitro. Estudos in vitro (do latim: em vidro) são realizados fora do corpo. Estes produtos não são medicamentos ou fármacos e não foram aprovados pelo FDA dos EUA para prevenir, tratar ou curar qualquer condição médica, enfermidade ou doença. A introdução corporal de qualquer tipo em humanos ou animais é estritamente proibida por lei.
Apenas para Pesquisa Laboratorial. Não se destina ao uso humano, uso médico, uso diagnóstico ou uso veterinário.
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Autores e Atribuicao
✍️ Autor do Artigo
Dr. Nikolay F. Myasoedov
Nikolay F. Myasoedov is affiliated com o(a) Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, e o(a) National Research Center Kurchatov Institute. He is credited com o(a) synthesis of Semax and has conducted extensive research into its neuroprotetor(a) mechanisms, specifically its ability to affect the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems e seu(sua) role in increasing BDNF and NGF levels. His foundational work spans over 15 years of designing and studying ACTH(4-10) analogs. Nikolay F. Myasoedov é referenciado(a) como um(a) dos(as) principais cientistas envolvidos(as) na pesquisa e desenvolvimento de Semax. De forma alguma este(a) médico(a)/cientista endossa ou defende a compra, venda ou uso deste produto por qualquer motivo. Não existe afiliação ou relação, implícita ou de outra forma, entre a Pure US Peptide e este(a) médico(a).
Ver Perfil Completo do Pesquisador →🎓 Autor de Revista Cientifica
Academician Igor P. Ashmarin
Igor P. Ashmarin was an Academician do(a) Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, affiliated com o(a) Department of Human and Animal Physiology at Moscow State University. He was a lead figure no(a) design and investigation of ACTH(4-10) analogs, incluindo Semax, directing the research on neurotropic activity of regulatory peptides que resultou em the creation of Semax como um(a) composto de pesquisa. He also investigated o composto's effects on hemostatic reactions and ulcer healing. Igor P. Ashmarin é referenciado(a) como um(a) dos(as) principais cientistas envolvidos(as) na pesquisa e desenvolvimento de Semax. De forma alguma este(a) médico(a)/cientista endossa ou defende a compra, venda ou uso deste produto por qualquer motivo. Não existe afiliação ou relação, implícita ou de outra forma, entre a Pure US Peptide e este(a) médico(a).
Ver Perfil Completo do Pesquisador →Academician Igor P. Ashmarin is being referenced as one of the leading scientists involved in the research and development of Semax. In no way is this doctor/scientist endorsing or advocating the purchase, sale, or use of this product for any reason. There is no affiliation or relationship, implied or otherwise, between Pure US Peptide and this doctor. The purpose of citing the doctor is to acknowledge, recognize, and credit the exhaustive research and development efforts conducted by the scientists studying this peptide.
🔬 Pesquisador Colaborador
Dr. Lyudmila V. Dergunova
Lyudmila V. Dergunova is affiliated com o(a) Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, e o(a) National Research Center Kurchatov Institute. She has conducted genome-wide transcricaoal analyses que uncovered the molecular mechanisms of Semax, highlighting its effects on immune and vascular expressao genica during isquemia. Her work estabeleceu que Semax ativa the transcricao of neurotrophins e seus(suas) receptors no(a) brain apos cerebral occlusion. Lyudmila V. Dergunova é referenciado(a) como um(a) dos(as) principais cientistas envolvidos(as) na pesquisa e desenvolvimento de Semax. De forma alguma este(a) médico(a)/cientista endossa ou defende a compra, venda ou uso deste produto por qualquer motivo. Não existe afiliação ou relação, implícita ou de outra forma, entre a Pure US Peptide e este(a) médico(a).
Ver Perfil Completo do Pesquisador →Dr. Lyudmila V. Dergunova is being referenced as one of the leading scientists involved in the research and development of Semax. In no way is this doctor/scientist endorsing or advocating the purchase, sale, or use of this product for any reason. There is no affiliation or relationship, implied or otherwise, between Pure US Peptide and this doctor. The purpose of citing the doctor is to acknowledge, recognize, and credit the exhaustive research and development efforts conducted by the scientists studying this peptide.
Citacoes Referenciadas
Eremin KO, Kudrin VS, Saransaari P, Oja SS, Grivennikov IA, Myasoedov NF, Rayevsky KS. Semax, an ACTH(4-10) Analogue with Nootropic Properties, Activates Dopaminergic and Serotoninergic Brain Systems in Rodents. Neurochemical Research. 2005;30(12):1493–1500.
PubMedPotaman VN, Alfeeva LY, Kamensky AA, Levitzkaya NG, Nezavibatko VN. N-terminal degradacao of ACTH(4-10) e seu(sua) synthetic analog semax pelo(a) rat blood enzymes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1991;176(2):741–746.
PubMedAshmarin IP, Nezavibatko VN, Levitskaya NG, Koshelev VB, Kamensky AA. Design and investigation of an ACTH(4-10) analogue lacking D-aminoacidos and hydrophobic radicals. Neuroscience Research Communications. 1995;16(2):105–112.
PubMedAshmarin IP, Nezavibatko VN, Myasoedov NF, et al. A nootropic adrenocorticotropin analog 4-10-semax (15 years experience in its design and study). Zhurnal Vysshei Nervnoi Deiatelnosti. 1997;47(2):420–430.
PubMedGusev EI, Skvortsova VI, Chukanova EI. Semax in prevention of disease progress and development of exacerbations in patients with cerebrovascular insufficiency. Zhurnal Nevrologii i Psikhiatrii. 2005;105(2):35–40.
PubMedU.S. Food and Drug Administration. Substancia Farmaceutica a Granels Used in Compounding Under Section 503B. FDA Compounding Database. 2023.
FDA.govGusev EI, Skvortsova VI, Myasoedov NF, et al. Effectiveness of Semax in agudo(a) period of hemispheric ischemic stroke. Zhurnal Nevrologii i Psikhiatrii. 1997;97(6):26–34.
PubMedKolomin TA, Shadrina M, Slominsky P, Limborska SA, Myasoedov NF. A New Generation of Drugs: Synthetic Peptides Based on Natural Regulatory Peptides. Neuroscience and Medicine. 2013;4(4):223–252.
DOIDolotov OV, Karpenko EA, Seredenina TS, et al. Semax, an analogue of adrenocorticotropin (4-10), binds specifically and aumenta levels of BDNF protein in rat basal forebrain. J Neurochem. 2006;97(Suppl 1):82–86.
PubMedDolotov OV, Karpenko EA, Inozemtseva LS, et al. Semax, an analog of ACTH(4-10) with cognitive effects, regula BDNF and trkB expression no(a) rat hippocampus. Brain Research. 2006;1117(1):54–60.
PubMedLevitskaya NG, Glazova NY, Sebentsova EA, et al. Investigation do(a) Spectrum of Physiological Activities do(a) Heptapeptide Semax. Neurochemical Journal. 2008;2(1–2):95–101.
DOIShadrina MI, Dolotov OV, Grivennikov IA, et al. Rapid induction of neurotrophin mRNAs in rat glial cell cultures by Semax. Neuroscience Letters. 2001;308(2):115–118.
PubMedFilippenkov IB, Stavchansky VV, Denisova AE, et al. Novel Insights no(a) Protective Properties of ACTH(4-7)PGP (Semax) Following Cerebral Ischaemia–Reperfusao in Rats. Genes. 2020;11(6):681.
PubMedMedvedeva EV, Dmitrieva VG, Povarova OV, et al. O peptideo semax affects a expressao of genes related para o(a) immune and vascular systems in rat brain focal isquemia: genome-wide transcricaoal analysis. BMC Genomics. 2014;15:228.
PubMedStavchansky VV, Yuzhakov VV, Botsina AY, et al. The Effect of Semax and Its C-End Peptide PGP no(a) Morphology and Proliferative Activity of Rat Brain Cells During Experimental Ischemia. J Mol Neurosci. 2011;45(2):177–185.
PubMedKaplan AY, Kochetova AG, Nezavibatko VN, Ryasina TV, Ashmarin IP. Synthetic ACTH analogue Semax exibe nootropic-like activity in humans. Neuroscience Research Communications. 1996;19(2):115–123.
DOIPolunin GS, Nurieva SM, Bayandin DL, Sheremet NL. Evaluation of therapeutic effect of novo(a) Russian peptide drug Semax in optic nerve disease. Vestnik Oftalmologii. 2000;116(1):15–18.
PubMedVorvul AO, Bobyntsev II, Medvedeva OA, et al. Effects of Semax in conditions of agudo(a) and cronico(a) social stress. Zhurnal Vysshei Nervnoi Deiatelnosti. 2021;71(4):560–570.
PubMedRadchenko AI, Kuzubova EV, Apostol AA, et al. The Potential do(a) Peptide Drug Semax and Its Derivative for Correcting Pathological Impairments no(a) Animal Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Acta Naturae. 2025;17(4):110–120.
PubMedLiu Y, et al. Semax melhora lesao medular via μ-opioid receptor targeting USP18-mediated FTO deubiquitinacao. Front Cell Neurosci. 2025.
PubMedIvanikov IO. Novel approach to treatment of refractory peptic ulcers using intranasal Semax. Clinical Gastroenterology. 2002.
PubMedStavchansky VV, Yuzhakov VV, Sevan'kaeva LE, et al. Melanocortin Derivatives Induced Vascularization and Neuroglial Proliferation no(a) Rat Brain under Conditions of Cerebral Ischemia. Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2024;46(3):2071–2092.
PubMedVolodina MA, Sebentsova EA, Glazova NY, et al. Semax Attenuates the Influence of Neonatal Maternal Deprivation no(a) Behavior of Adolescent White Rats. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2012;152(5):560–563.
PubMedAviso de Uso em Pesquisa
Apenas para Uso em Pesquisa (RUO). Nao destinado ao consumo humano, uso clinico, ou como medicamento, alimento, cosmetico ou dispositivo medico. Este produto nao foi avaliado pelo FDA e e fornecido exclusivamente para pesquisa laboratorial in vitro por profissionais qualificados.
Certificado de Analise
Each lot is independently tested by accredited third-party laboratories (ISO 17025) at 99%+ purity.
Ultimo Relatorio de Laboratorio
Armazenamento e Manuseio
Resumo
Armazene o pó liofilizado a -20°C. Solução reconstituída: 2-8°C, estável 4-6 semanas. Proteja da luz.
Condições Recomendadas de Armazenamento Laboratorial
Liofilizado Powder: Stable por até 2 years refrigerated (2–8°C) or até 3 years frozen (-20°C). Proteja da luz e da umidade.
Reconstituted Solution: Após reconstituição with agua bacteriostatica, refrigerate at 2–8°C. Stable for aproximadamente 4–6 weeks. Não congele a solução reconstituída. Proteja da luz.
Handling: Avoid vigorous shaking during reconstitution, que can degrade o peptideo structure. Direct the solvent gently down the side do(a) vial.
“Estes produtos não são medicamentos ou fármacos e não foram aprovados pelo FDA dos EUA para prevenir, tratar ou curar qualquer condição médica, enfermidade ou doença.”
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