How does GHK-Cu work? What is its mechanism of action?

Mecanismo de Acao Copper Transport & "Redox Silencing" GHK-Cu acts como um(a) carrier peptide with alto(a) affinity for copper(II) ions (pKa = 16.44). The complex "silences" copper's redox activity, preventing Fenton reaction damage enquanto delivering copper safely into cells — essencial para enzymes like lysyl oxidase (collagen crosslinking) and superoxide dismutase (antioxidante defense).[3] Key Signaling Pathways PathwayMecanismoEffect NF-κB/p38 MAPKInhibits fosforilacao of NF-κB p65 and p38

What are the research applications of GHK-Cu?

Aplicacoes de Pesquisa GHK-Cu research spans dermatology, cicatrizacao de feridas, pulmonology, oncology, and neuroscience across 10+ indication categories: Wound Healing & Tissue Regeneration — Accelerates contraction, re-epitelialization, collagen accumulation; reduz TNF-α and MMPs. 64.5% wound size reduction vs 28.2% control (Canapp et al., 2003).[11] Dermatology Research — Skin-elasticity, density and collagen-production endpoints reported in cosmetic studies (collagen production 70% vs 50%

What does the research summary say about GHK-Cu?

Resumo da Pesquisa Pre-clinica Key Preclinical Studies EstudoModeloPrincipais AchadosRef Canapp et al. (2003)Rats — ischemic open wounds, topico(a) daily × 13dWound size ↓ 64.5% vs 28.2% control; ↓ TNF-α, MMP-2, MMP-9[11] Maquart et al. (1993)Sprague-Dawley rats — wound chambersDose-dependent ↑ Collagen I/III, GAGs, DNA content (days 3–14)[10] Zhang et al. (2022)C57BL/6J mice — CS-induziu emphysema, 12-week studySignificantly ↓ airspace enlargement; reversed MMP-9/TIMP-1 imbalance; Nrf2/Keap1 at

How should GHK-Cu be stored?

Lyophilized pó a -20°C (até 3 anos). Estável pH 5.0–7.0; dissocia abaixo de pH 4 ou acima de pH 9. Mantenha longe de umidade sob gás inerte.

What Is GHK-Cu?

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Resposta Rapida

Visao Geral GHK-Cu (Copper Tripeptide-1) e um(a) que ocorre naturalmente tripeptide complex consistindo de the aminoacidos Glycyl-L-Histidyl-L-Lysine chelated to a copper(II) ion. First isolado(a) from human plasma albumin in 1973 by Dr. Loren Pickart at UCSF.[1] Origin: GHK e um(a) endogeno(a) pept...

GHK-Cu — Quick Facts

Chemical identity and reference data for GHK-Cu
Molecular formula	C14H21CuN6O4-
Molecular weight	400.90 g/mol
InChI key	LREZPQNYQZAPJC-ACMTZBLWSA-L
PubChem CID	139035031
Storage	Lyophilized pó a -20°C (até 3 anos). Estável pH 5.0–7.0; dissocia abaixo de pH 4 ou acima de pH 9. Mantenha longe de umidade sob gás inerte.
Cited references	24

Chemical identity from PubChem CID 139035031. For research use only.

24 Citacoes PubMedRevisado por EspecialistasUltima Revisao: fevereiro de 2026

Visao Geral

GHK-Cu (Copper Tripeptide-1) e um(a) que ocorre naturalmente tripeptide complex consistindo de the aminoacidos Glycyl-L-Histidyl-L-Lysine chelated to a copper(II) ion. First isolado(a) from human plasma albumin in 1973 by Dr. Loren Pickart at UCSF.[1]

Origin: GHK e um(a) endogeno(a) peptide encontrado(a) em human plasma, saliva, and urine. It is liberado(a) de the matriz extracelular during tissue injury — specifically cleaved from SPARC (Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine) e o(a) alpha 2(I) chain of type I collagen.[2]

Age-related decline: Plasma concentration declines from aproximadamente 200 ng/mL (10⁻⁷ M) at age 20 to roughly 80 ng/mL by age 60. This decline correlates with reduziu regeneracao tecidual capacity.[2][3]

Structurally, GHK-Cu features a Cu(II) ion coordinated in a distorted square-planar pyramid by four nitrogen atoms: the amino-N of glycine, the amide-N do(a) Gly-His ligacao peptidica, the imidazole-N of histidine, e um(a) oxygen from water ou um(a) carboxyl group. The complex has a characteristic blue-purple color e um(a) peso molecular of ~401.9 Da.[1]

GHK-Cu functions como um(a) safe copper delivery vehicle by "redox silencing" the Cu(II) ion — preventing Fenton reaction toxicity que free copper would cause. Its binding constant (pKa 16.44) is semelhante a albumin's copper transport site (log₁₀ = 16.2), allowing GHK to exchange copper with albumin for intracellular delivery.[3]

Editorial Research Note

“Resumo da Pesquisa Pre-clinica Key Preclinical Studies EstudoModeloPrincipais AchadosRef Canapp et al.”

Pure U.S. Peptides Research Standards TeamInternal editorial group summarising published peptide research for an audience of qualified independent investigators.

Referencias

Perguntas de Pesquisa Relacionadas

→ GHK-Cu: Mechanism of Action → GHK-Cu: Research Applications → GHK-Cu: Safety Profile & Research Summary → GHK-Cu: Chemical Properties → Storing GHK-Cu: Best Practices

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