GHK-Cu: Safety Profile & Research Summary
Resumo da Pesquisa Pre-clinica
Key Preclinical Studies
| Estudo | Modelo | Principais Achados | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|
| Canapp et al. (2003) | Rats — ischemic open wounds, topico(a) daily × 13d | Wound size ↓ 64.5% vs 28.2% control; ↓ TNF-α, MMP-2, MMP-9 | [11] |
| Maquart et al. (1993) | Sprague-Dawley rats — wound chambers | Dose-dependent ↑ Collagen I/III, GAGs, DNA content (days 3–14) | [10] |
| Zhang et al. (2022) | C57BL/6J mice — CS-induziu emphysema, 0.2–20 µg/g/day IP × 12 wk | Significantly ↓ airspace enlargement; reversed MMP-9/TIMP-1 imbalance; Nrf2/Keap1 ativacao | [5] |
| Mao et al. (2025) | BALB/c mice — DSS-induziu colitis, 20 mg/kg oral × 14d | ↓ DAI score; mitigou colon shortening; SIRT1/STAT3 mechanism; ↑ ZO-1/Occludin | [6] |
| Dou et al. (2020) | 28-month-old C57BL/6 mice — 10 mg/kg 5x/wk × 3 wk | Significantly faster maze completion; ↓ inflamacao; ↑ histone deacetylase 2 | [15] |
| Bobyntsev et al. (2015) | Rats — 0.5 µg/kg IP | Analgesic, anxiolytic effects; aggression reduziu 5-fold | [15] |
| Gul et al. (2008) | Rabbits — full-thickness wounds × 21–28d | Faster granulation, melhorou contraction, aumentou neovascularizacao | [17] |
| Cherdakov et al. (2010) | Rats — bone fractures, 0.5 µg/kg IP × 10d | Marked ↑ reparative osteogenesis; ↑ antioxidante activity | [16] |
Clinical / Human Studies
| Estudo | Population | Key Results | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|
| Photoaged Skin (12-wk) | n=71 women | Significantly melhorou laxity, clarity, firmness; ↓ fine lines and wrinkles; ↑ skin density/thickness | [12] |
| vs. Vitamin C & Retinoic Acid | n=20 women | GHK-Cu ↑ collagen in 70% vs 50% (Vit C) and 40% (retinoic acid) | [12] |
| Periorbital Wrinkles (12-wk) | n=41 women | Wrinkles reduziu 55%; outperformed placebo and Vitamin K cream | [12] |
| Nano-Lipid Carrier (RCT, 8-wk) | Female volunteers | Wrinkle volume ↓ 55.8%, depth ↓ 32.8% vs control; 31.6% ↓ vs Matrixyl® 3000 | [18] |
| Skin Hydration (8-wk) | n=30 | 20% increase in hydration; melhorou epidermal/dermal thickness | [18] |
| Hair Loss — MDCT | n=7 men | SALT score 40%→7.5%; 71.4% alcancou TSAR >10%; median TSAR 26.5% | [13] |
| IBD (12-wk) | n=16 | Rectal GHK-Cu; 60% reduction in disease severity | [2] |
Safety Summary
| Parametro | Finding |
|---|---|
| General Safety | Excellent safety record; non-toxic and non-irritating; decades of cosmetic use sem adverse issues |
| LD50 | Estimated equivalente a ~23,000 mg in 70 kg human (pressao arterial effects); exceptionally safe |
| Common Side Effects | Temporary redness, itching, burning, or stinging at application site (mild) |
| Contraindications | Wilson's disease (copper metabolismo disorder); pregnancy/breastfeeding (no safety data); ativo(a) cancer (theoretical angiogenic concern) |
| Drug Interactions | Do not use with Vitamin C simultaneamente (copper dissociation); avoid EDTA/carnosine (chelation strips copper); space retinoids/AHAs |
| Half-Life | ~0.5–1 hour in plasma; susceptible to carboxypeptidase degradacao |
Os produtos oferecidos neste site são fornecidos apenas para estudos in vitro. Estudos in vitro (do latim: em vidro) são realizados fora do corpo. Estes produtos não são medicamentos ou fármacos e não foram aprovados pelo FDA dos EUA para prevenir, tratar ou curar qualquer condição médica, enfermidade ou doença. A introdução corporal de qualquer tipo em humanos ou animais é estritamente proibida por lei.
Apenas para Pesquisa Laboratorial. Não se destina ao uso humano, uso médico, uso diagnóstico ou uso veterinário.
TODOS OS ARTIGOS E INFORMAÇÕES SOBRE PRODUTOS FORNECIDOS NESTE SITE SÃO APENAS PARA FINS INFORMATIVOS E EDUCACIONAIS.
“Resumo da Pesquisa Pre-clinica Key Preclinical Studies EstudoModeloPrincipais AchadosRef Canapp et al.”
Referencias
- Pickart L, Vasquez-Soltero JM, Margolina A. GHK-Cu may Prevent Oxidative Stress in Skin by Regulating Copper and Modifying Expression of Numerous Antioxidant Genes. Cosmetics. 2015;2(3):236-247.
- Pickart L. The human tri-peptide GHK and tissue remodeling. Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition. 2008;19(8):969-988.
- Pickart L, Margolina A. Regenerative and Protective Actions do(a) GHK-Cu Peptide no(a) Light do(a) New Gene Data. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2018;19(7):1987.
- Park JR, Lee H, Kim SI, Yang SR. The tri-peptide GHK-Cu complex melhora lipopolysaccharide-induziu agudo(a) lung injury in mice. Oncotarget. 2016;7(36):58405-58417.
- Zhang Q, Yan L, Lu J, Zhou X. Glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2+ atenua cigarette smoke-induziu pulmonar emphysema and inflamacao by reducing estresse oxidativo pathway. Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences. 2022;9:925700.
- Mao S, Huang J, Li J, et al. Exploring the beneficial effects of GHK-Cu on an experimental model of colitis e o(a) underlying mechanisms. Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2025;16:1551843.
- Campbell JD, McDonough JE, Zeskind JE, et al. A expressao genica signature of emphysema-related lung destruction e seu(sua) reversal pelo(a) tripeptide GHK. Genome Medicine. 2012;4(8):67.
- Miller DM, DeSilva D, Pickart L, Aust SD. Effects of glycyl-histidyl-lysyl chelated Cu(II) on ferritin dependent lipid peroxidation. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. 1990;264:79-84.
- Pickart L, Vasquez-Soltero JM, Margolina A. GHK and DNA: Resetting the human genome to health. BioMed Research International. 2014;2014:151479.
- Maquart FX, Pickart L, Laurent M, et al. Stimulation of sintese de colageno in fibroblasto cultures pelo(a) tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2+. FEBS Letters. 1988;238(2):343-346.
- Canapp SO Jr, Farese JP, Schultz GS, et al. The effect of topico(a) tripeptide-copper complex on healing of ischemic open wounds. Veterinary Surgery. 2003;32(6):515-523.
- Abdulghani AA, Sherr A, Shirin S, et al. Effects of topico(a) creams containing vitamin C, a copper-binding peptide cream and melatonin comparado(a) com tretinoin no(a) ultrastructure of normal skin. Disease Management and Clinical Outcomes. 1998;1(4):136-141.
- Kuceki G, Coppinger AJ, Ragi SD, et al. Enhanced hair regrowth with five monthly sessions of minoxidil-dutasteride-copper peptides tattooing for androgenetic alopecia. JAAD International. 2025;20:38-40.
- Pollard JD, Quan S, Kang T, Koch RJ. Effects of copper tripeptide no(a) growth and expression of fator de crescimentos by normal and irradiated fibroblastos. Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery. 2005;7(1):27-31.
- Dou Y, Lee A, Zhu L, et al. The potential of GHK como um(a) anti-envelhecimento peptide. Aging Pathobiology and Therapeutics. 2020;2(1):58-61.
- Cherdakov VYu, et al. Peptide combination (GHK, Dalargin, Thymogen) promove reparative osteogenesis in rats with bone fractures. Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine. 2010.
- Gul NY, Topal A, Cangul IT, Yanik K. The effects of topico(a) tripeptide copper complex and helium-neon laser on cicatrizacao de feridas in rabbits. Veterinary Dermatology. 2008;19(1):7-14.
- Badenhorst T, Svirskis D, Merrilees M, et al. Effects of GHK-Cu on MMP and TIMP Expression, Collagen and Elastin Production, and Facial Wrinkle Parameters. Journal of Aging Science. 2016;4(3):166.
- Pickart L, Vasquez-Soltero JM, Margolina A. GHK Peptide como um(a) Natural Modulator of Multiple Cellular Pathways in Skin Regeneration. BioMed Research International. 2015;2015:648108.
- Hong Y, Downey T, Eu KW, et al. A 'metastasis-prone' signature for early-stage mismatch-repair proficient sporadic colorectal cancer patients e seu(sua) implications for possible therapeutics. Clinical & Experimental Metastasis. 2010;27(2):83-90.
- Pickart L, Freedman JH, Loker WJ, et al. Growth-modulating plasma tripeptide may function by facilitating copper uptake into cells. Nature. 1980;288(5792):715-717.
- Simeon A, Emonard H, Hornebeck W, Maquart FX. The tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2+ estimula matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression by fibroblasto cultures. Life Sciences. 2000;67(18):2257-2265.
- Kang YA, Choi HR, Na JI, et al. Copper-GHK aumenta integrin expression and p63 positivity by queratinocitos. Archives of Dermatological Research. 2009;301(4):301-306.
- Pickart L, Vasquez-Soltero JM, et al. The Effect do(a) Human Peptide GHK on Gene Expression Relevant to Nervous System Function and Cognitive Decline. Brain Sciences. 2017;7(2):20.
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Este conteudo e fornecido apenas para fins educacionais e informativos. Os produtos sao fornecidos apenas para estudos in vitro e nao sao medicamentos, drogas ou suplementos. Nao aprovado pela FDA para prevenir, tratar ou curar qualquer condicao.
