BPC-157: Research Applications
30 PubMed CitationsExpert ReviewedGMP CertifiedLast Reviewed: February 2026
Research Applications
BPC-157 demonstrates pleiotropic effects across multiple experimental paradigms, with unusually broad tissue coverage for a single peptide:
- Gastrointestinal Healing — Anti-ulcer peptidergic agent effective against IBD, ulcerative colitis, NSAID-induced lesions, and complex fistulas. Phase II human data available (n=53, ulcerative colitis).[6]
- Musculoskeletal Regeneration — Accelerated healing of transected/detached tendons (Achilles, quadriceps), ligaments (MCL), and skeletal muscle injuries. Improved biomechanical function and reversed corticosteroid impairment.[17][18]
- Neuroprotection and CNS Repair — Protective in models of TBI, spinal cord compression, and bilateral carotid occlusion. Reduced edema, neuronal necrosis, demyelination. Functional recovery maintained to 1 year (spinal cord).[19][20]
- Vascular Occlusion Models — Rapidly activates collateral vessels to bypass occlusions (Budd-Chiari syndrome, Pringle maneuver). Prevents thrombotic/ischemic damage and preserves organ function.[21]
- Corneal Healing — Maintains corneal transparency and accelerates ulcer/perforation healing without inducing neovascularization (uniquely anti-angiogenic in cornea).[22]
- Hepatoprotection — Protective against alcohol/NSAID-induced liver injury, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Normalized liver enzymes and bilirubin in bile duct ligation models.[23]
- Pain Management — Human pilot data: intra-articular injection (2 mg) for knee pain (91.6% significant improvement, n=16) and intravesical injection (10 mg) for interstitial cystitis (83.3% complete resolution, n=12).[24][25]
- Dopaminergic/Serotonergic Modulation — Efficacy in models of schizophrenia and depression; counteracted catalepsy, amphetamine-induced hyperactivity, and ketamine-induced "negative-like" symptoms.[16]
References
- Sikiric P, et al. A new gastric juice peptide, BPC. An overview of the stomach-stress-organoprotection hypothesis and beneficial effects of BPC. Journal of Physiology-Paris. 1993;87(5):313-327.
- Sikiric P, et al. Brain-gut Axis and Pentadecapeptide BPC 157: Theoretical and Practical Implications. Current Neuropharmacology. 2016;14(8):857-865.
- Sikiric P, et al. Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157, Robert's Stomach Cytoprotection/Adaptive Cytoprotection/Organoprotection, and Selye's Stress Coping Response. Current Pharmaceutical Design. 2020;26(25):3024-3044.
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Certain Bulk Drug Substances for Use in Compounding that May Present Significant Safety Risks. FDA.gov. Updated 2023.
- World Anti-Doping Agency. The 2025 Prohibited List. WADA. January 1, 2025.
- Ruenzi M, et al. BPC-157 in patients with ulcerative colitis: A Phase II multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Gastroenterology. 2005;128(Suppl 2):A-585.
- Hsieh MJ, et al. Therapeutic potential of pro-angiogenic BPC157 is associated with VEGFR2 activation and up-regulation. Journal of Molecular Medicine. 2017;95(3):323-333.
- Sikiric P, et al. Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as a Therapy and Safety Key: A Special Beneficial Pleiotropic Effect. Current Pharmaceutical Design. 2025.
- Xu C, et al. Preclinical safety evaluation of body protection compound-157, a potential drug for treating various wounds. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology. 2020;114:104665.
- Hsieh MJ, et al. BPC157 enhances the growth hormone receptor expression in tendon fibroblasts. Molecules. 2020;25(21):5159.
- Schlosser N. BPC-157: A Polyproline II Helix Engages SH3 Domains of Src Family Kinases. 2025.
- Chang CH, et al. The promoting effect of pentadecapeptide BPC 157 on tendon healing involves tendon outgrowth, cell survival, and cell migration. Journal of Applied Physiology. 2011;110(3):774-780.
- Chang CH, et al. Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 Enhances the Growth Hormone Receptor Expression in Tendon Fibroblasts. Molecules. 2014;19(12):19066-19077.
- Vukojevic J, et al. Rat inferior caval vein (ICV) ligature and BPC 157. Molecular Neurobiology. 2020;57:4029-4044.
- Sikiric P, et al. The pharmacological properties of the novel peptide BPC 157. Inflammopharmacology. 1999;7(1):1-14.
- Zemba Cilic A, et al. Stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 and dopamine system. Current Neuropharmacology. 2021;19(11):1696-1714.
- Staresinic M, et al. Gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 accelerates healing of transected rat Achilles tendon and in vitro stimulates tendocytes growth. Journal of Orthopaedic Research. 2003;21(6):976-983.
- Matek D, et al. BPC 157 counteracts muscle-to-bone detachment: Oral application evidence. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy. 2025.
- Tudor M, et al. The gastroprotective and neuroprotective pentadecapeptide BPC 157 in the treatment of traumatic brain injury in rats. Regulatory Peptides. 2010;160(1-3):26-32.
- Perovic D, et al. Stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 can improve the healing course of spinal cord injury. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research. 2019;14:440.
- Sikiric P, et al. Vascular occlusion and stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157. Current Pharmaceutical Design. 2022;28(25):2082-2093.
- Masnec S, et al. Stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 heals corneal injuries. Current Pharmaceutical Design. 2015;21(33):4868-4875.
- Sever M, et al. Stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 counteracts liver fibrosis. Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. 2019;70(3):391-400.
- Lee E, Padgett B. BPC-157 and knee pain: A retrospective chart review. Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine. 2021.
- Lee E, Walker C, Ayadi B. BPC-157 intravesical therapy for interstitial cystitis: A pilot study. Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine. 2024.
- He Y, et al. Pharmacokinetics and excretion study of BPC157 in rats and dogs. Journal of Chromatography B. 2022;1201:123300.
- Veljaca M, et al. BPC-157: Safety and pharmacokinetics after rectal administration in healthy male volunteers. Gut. 2003;52(Suppl VI):A246.
- Lee E, Burgess K. Intravenous BPC-157 in healthy adults: A pilot tolerability study. Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine. 2025.
- Seiwerth S, et al. BPC 157 and Standard Angiogenic Growth Factors: GI Tract Healing. Current Pharmaceutical Design. 2018;24(18):1972-1989.
- Seiwerth S, et al. Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 and Wound Healing. Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2021;12:627533.
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